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      <meta charset="UTF-8">
      <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
      <title>路由网关在项目中是怎么用的 - 交互式测验</title>
      <style>
        @import url('https://fonts.googleapis.com/css2?family=Noto+Sans+SC:wght@400;500;700&display=swap');
        
        body {
          font-family: 'Noto Sans SC', sans-serif;
          background-color: #f4f7f9;
          color: #333;
          display: flex;
          justify-content: center;
          align-items: center;
          min-height: 100vh;
          margin: 0;
          padding: 20px;
          box-sizing: border-box;
        }
        
        .main-wrapper {
            position: relative;
            width: 100%;
            max-width: 900px; /* Wider to accommodate buttons */
            display: flex;
            justify-content: center;
            align-items: center;
        }

        .quiz-container {
          background-color: #ffffff;
          border-radius: 16px;
          box-shadow: 0 8px 32px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.1);
          width: 100%;
          max-width: 700px;
          overflow: hidden;
          z-index: 10;
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        .quiz-header {
          background-color: #4a90e2;
          color: white;
          padding: 20px 30px;
          text-align: center;
        }

        .quiz-header h1 {
          margin: 0;
          font-size: 24px;
          font-weight: 700;
        }
        
        .quiz-header p {
            margin: 5px 0 0;
            font-size: 14px;
            opacity: 0.9;
        }

        .quiz-body {
          padding: 30px;
        }

        .progress-bar {
            display: none; /* 隐藏进度条 */
            width: 100%;
            background-color: #e0e0e0;
            border-radius: 5px;
            height: 10px;
            margin-bottom: 20px;
        }

        #progress-indicator {
            height: 100%;
            width: 0%;
            background-color: #4caf50;
            border-radius: 5px;
            transition: width 0.3s ease;
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        #question-container {
          margin-bottom: 20px;
        }

        #question-text {
          font-size: 18px;
          font-weight: 500;
          line-height: 1.6;
          margin-bottom: 25px;
        }

        .options-list {
          list-style: none;
          padding: 0;
          margin: 0;
        }

        .option-item {
          background-color: #f8f9fa;
          border: 1px solid #dee2e6;
          border-radius: 8px;
          padding: 15px;
          margin-bottom: 12px;
          cursor: pointer;
          transition: background-color 0.2s ease, border-color 0.2s ease;
        }

        .option-item:hover {
          background-color: #e9ecef;
        }
        
        .option-item.selected {
            background-color: #d1e7fd;
            border-color: #4a90e2;
        }

        .quiz-footer {
          padding: 20px 30px;
          display: flex;
          justify-content: space-between; /* 将按钮分布在两侧 */
          align-items: center;
          min-height: 65px; /* Reserve space */
        }

        .nav-btn {
          background-color: #4a90e2;
          color: white;
          border: none;
          border-radius: 8px;
          padding: 10px 20px;
          font-size: 16px;
          font-weight: 500;
          cursor: pointer;
          transition: background-color 0.2s ease, transform 0.2s ease;
          box-shadow: 0 4px 12px rgba(0,0,0,0.15);
        }
        
        #next-btn {
            background-color: #28a745;
        }

        .nav-btn:hover {
          background-color: #357abd;
          transform: scale(1.05);
        }
        
        .nav-btn:disabled {
            background-color: #a0c3e8;
            cursor: not-allowed;
            opacity: 0.7;
        }

        #result-container {
            border-top: 1px solid #eee;
        }
        
        .result-box {
            border-radius: 8px;
            padding: 20px;
            margin-top: 20px;
        }
        
        .result-box.correct {
            background-color: #d4edda;
            border: 1px solid #c3e6cb;
            color: #155724;
        }

        .result-box.incorrect {
            background-color: #f8d7da;
            border: 1px solid #f5c6cb;
            color: #721c24;
        }
        
        .result-box h3 {
            margin-top: 0;
        }

        .explanation-text {
            margin-top: 15px;
            line-height: 1.7;
        }
        
        .source-text {
            font-style: italic;
            font-size: 14px;
            margin-top: 15px;
            color: #555;
        }

        
        .final-score-container {
            padding: 40px;
            text-align: center;
        }
        .final-score-container h2 {
            margin-top: 0;
            margin-bottom: 30px;
        }
        .score-summary {
            display: flex;
            justify-content: center;
            gap: 20px;
            margin-bottom: 40px;
            flex-wrap: wrap;
        }
        .score-card {
            background-color: #f8f9fa;
            border-radius: 12px;
            padding: 20px;
            width: 180px;
            box-shadow: 0 4px 12px rgba(0,0,0,0.05);
            border: 1px solid #e9ecef;
        }
        .score-card h3 {
            margin: 0 0 10px;
            font-size: 16px;
            font-weight: 500;
            color: #555;
        }
        .score-card p {
            margin: 0;
            font-size: 28px;
            font-weight: 700;
            color: #333;
        }
        .score-details table {
            width: 100%;
            font-size: 16px;
        }
        .score-details td {
            padding: 4px 0;
        }
        .score-details td:last-child {
            text-align: right;
            font-weight: 700;
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        .report-actions button {
            background-color: #fff;
            border: 1px solid #ccc;
            border-radius: 8px;
            padding: 12px 25px;
            font-size: 16px;
            cursor: pointer;
            margin: 0 10px;
            transition: background-color 0.2s ease, border-color 0.2s ease, transform 0.2s ease;
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        .report-actions button:hover {
            background-color: #f1f1f1;
            border-color: #bbb;
            transform: translateY(-2px);
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        .report-actions button.primary {
            background-color: #28a745;
            color: white;
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        .report-actions button.primary:hover {
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        .hint-container {
            background-color: #e0f7fa;
            border: 1px solid #b2ebf2;
            border-radius: 8px;
            padding: 15px;
            margin-top: 20px;
            color: #006064;
            font-size: 15px;
            line-height: 1.6;
            display: none; /* 默认隐藏 */
        }
      </style>
    </head>
    <body>
      <div class="main-wrapper">
          <div class="quiz-container">
            <div class="quiz-header">
              <h1>路由网关在项目中是怎么用的 - 交互式测验</h1>
              <p>检验你对文档内容的理解程度</p>
            </div>
            <div id="quiz-content">
                <div class="quiz-body">
                    <div class="progress-bar">
                        <div id="progress-indicator"></div>
                    </div>
                    <div id="question-container">
                      <p id="question-text"></p>
                      <ul class="options-list" id="options-list"></ul>
                    </div>
                    <div id="result-container"></div>
                    <div id="hint-container" class="hint-container"></div>
                </div>
                <div class="quiz-footer" id="quiz-footer">
                  <button id="prev-btn" class="nav-btn">上一题</button>
                  <button id="hint-btn" class="nav-btn" style="background-color: #ffc107; color: #333; box-shadow: 0 4px 12px rgba(255,193,7,0.3);">提示</button>
                  <button id="next-btn" class="nav-btn">下一题</button>
                </div>
            </div>
          </div>
      </div>

      <script>
        const quizData = [
  {
    "question": "在微服务架构中，网关作为“统一入口”最核心的价值是什么？",
    "options": [
      "执行所有微服务的业务逻辑",
      "为每个微服务独立管理数据库连接",
      "简化客户端与服务端的交互，客户端无需关心后端服务的具体部署位置",
      "替代服务注册与发现中心，直接管理服务实例"
    ],
    "correctAnswerIndex": 2,
    "explanation": "网关作为系统的单一入口点，接收所有外部请求。这使得客户端的实现变得非常简单，它只需要与网关这一个地址通信，而不需要知道背后有多少个微服务以及它们的具体地址和部署细节。这极大地降低了客户端的复杂性，并提升了系统的可维护性。",
    "source": "文档中「网关的基本功能」->「1. 统一入口」部分",
    "hint": "思考一下，如果没有网关，客户端调用多个服务时会面临什么困境？文档中提到“减少了客户端需要了解和处理的服务细节”。"
  },
  {
    "question": "根据文档描述，网关通过哪种机制来防止单个服务故障导致整个系统崩溃（即“雪崩效应”）？",
    "options": [
      "负载均衡机制，将流量均匀分配",
      "熔断机制，临时限制对失效服务的访问，防止异常扩散",
      "缓存机制，通过返回缓存数据来避免访问故障服务",
      "动态配置机制，手动下线故障服务"
    ],
    "correctAnswerIndex": 1,
    "explanation": "文档明确指出，网关可以通过实施“熔断机制”来捕获和处理后端服务异常。当某个服务出现故障或响应超时，熔断器会“断开”，阻止后续请求流向这个不健康的服务，从而保护整个系统免受级联故障（雪崩效应）的影响。",
    "source": "文档中「网关解决的具体问题」->「4. 异常处理和熔断机制」部分",
    "hint": "文档中有一个关键词专门用来描述“防止异常扩散到整个系统”的机制。"
  },
  {
    "question": "网关的“服务聚合”高级功能主要解决了什么问题？",
    "options": [
      "将多个微服务合并部署为一个单体应用，以简化运维",
      "将所有服务的日志聚合到一个地方，方便查询",
      "减少客户端为完成一个业务场景而需要发起的网络请求次数",
      "聚合所有服务的安全策略，实现统一认证"
    ],
    "correctAnswerIndex": 2,
    "explanation": "服务聚合功能允许网关将来自多个不同微服务的接口调用聚合成一个单一的API接口暴露给客户端。这样，客户端原本需要发起多次请求才能获取的数据，现在只需一次请求即可完成。这显著降低了客户端与后端之间的通信成本，简化了客户端逻辑，并提升了性能。",
    "source": "文档中「网关高级功能」->「1. 服务聚合」部分",
    "hint": "“通过服务聚合，客户端可以通过一个请求同时获取多个服务的数据，减少了客户端与多个服务之间的通信次数...”"
  },
  {
    "question": "当客户端使用JSON格式，而后端某个旧服务只接受XML格式时，网关可以扮演什么角色来解决这个问题？",
    "options": [
      "请求路由，将请求转发到能处理JSON的服务",
      "访问控制，直接拒绝不兼容的请求",
      "协议转换和数据格式转换，在中间进行格式适配",
      "熔断，因为格式不匹配而断开对该服务的访问"
    ],
    "correctAnswerIndex": 2,
    "explanation": "这是网关“请求转换和协议适配”功能的典型应用场景。网关可以解析客户端的JSON请求，将其转换为后端服务所需的XML格式，然后再将后端返回的XML响应转换为客户端期望的JSON格式。这使得不同技术栈或协议的系统能够无缝集成。",
    "source": "文档中「网关解决的具体问题」->「3. 请求转换和协议适配」部分",
    "hint": "文档提到网关能够处理“客户端和服务端可能使用不同的通信协议或数据格式”的情况。"
  },
  {
    "question": "网关的“动态配置”功能为什么能降低运维成本？",
    "options": [
      "因为它能自动修复后端服务的代码错误",
      "因为它允许在不重启服务的情况下修改路由、限流等策略，减少了系统停机时间",
      "因为它能自动为系统增加服务器资源",
      "因为它将配置信息存储在客户端，减轻了服务器压力"
    ],
    "correctAnswerIndex": 1,
    "explanation": "动态配置的核心优势在于“热更新”。运维人员可以随时修改网关的配置（如调整路由规则、更新安全策略、改变限流阈值），这些变更会立即生效，而无需停止和重启网关服务。这大大减少了因配置变更导致的系统中断时间，从而提高了系统的可用性和稳定性，降低了运维成本。",
    "source": "文档中「网关高级功能」->「2. 动态配置」部分",
    "hint": "这项功能的关键在于“无需重启网关服务”就能使配置变更生效。"
  },
  {
    "question": "除了路由和安全控制，文档还提到了网关的哪项基本功能可以用来提升系统性能和响应速度？",
    "options": [
      "监控和日志记录",
      "服务聚合",
      "异常处理",
      "缓存常用请求的响应结果"
    ],
    "correctAnswerIndex": 3,
    "explanation": "文档在“网关的基本功能”一节中明确提到了“缓存和性能优化”。通过在网关层缓存那些不经常变化且被频繁请求的数据（例如商品信息、配置数据等），可以直接从网关返回响应，避免了对后端服务的重复请求，从而减轻了后端负载，显著提高了系统的响应速度。",
    "source": "文档中「网关的基本功能」->「4. 缓存和性能优化」部分",
    "hint": "思考一下，哪种方式可以最直接地减少对后端服务的请求次数？"
  },
  {
    "question": "在微服务架构中，引入网关解决了多项挑战，但不包括以下哪一项？",
    "options": [
      "统一管理认证和授权等安全问题",
      "简化客户端的调用逻辑",
      "实现跨服务的分布式事务管理",
      "提供请求路由和负载均衡"
    ],
    "correctAnswerIndex": 2,
    "explanation": "文档详细介绍了网关在统一安全控制、简化客户端交互、请求路由和负载均衡等方面的作用。然而，文档并未提及网关能直接实现复杂的“跨服务分布式事务管理”。虽然网关是事务流程的入口，但分布式事务的协调和数据一致性保证通常由专门的事务管理器（如Seata）或通过Saga、TCC等模式在服务层实现，这超出了网关的核心职责范围。",
    "source": "文档通篇（通过排除法得出）。文档重点描述了「统一入口」、「请求路由与负载均衡」、「安全控制」、「请求转换」等功能，但未涉及分布式事务的实现。",
    "hint": "仔细回顾文档中提到的网关功能列表，看看哪一个选项从未被提及或暗示。"
  }
];
        console.log("Quiz Data:", JSON.parse(JSON.stringify(quizData))); // 添加这行用于调试，以可展开的JSON格式输出
        
        let currentQuestionIndex = 0;
        let score = 0;
        // 存储每个问题的回答状态
        const userAnswers = new Array(quizData.length).fill(null); 

        const questionTextEl = document.getElementById('question-text');
        const optionsListEl = document.getElementById('options-list');
        const resultContainerEl = document.getElementById('result-container');
        const quizContentEl = document.getElementById('quiz-content');
        const progressIndicatorEl = document.getElementById('progress-indicator');
        const prevBtn = document.getElementById('prev-btn');
        const nextBtn = document.getElementById('next-btn');
        const hintBtn = document.getElementById('hint-btn');
        const hintContainerEl = document.getElementById('hint-container');

        function loadQuestion() {
          resultContainerEl.innerHTML = '';
          optionsListEl.innerHTML = '';
          hintContainerEl.style.display = 'none'; // 隐藏提示
          
          if (currentQuestionIndex >= quizData.length) {
            showFinalScore();
            return;
          }

          updateProgress();

          const currentQuestion = quizData[currentQuestionIndex];
          questionTextEl.textContent = `(${currentQuestionIndex + 1}/${quizData.length}) ${currentQuestion.question}`;
          
          currentQuestion.options.forEach((optionText, index) => {
            const li = document.createElement('li');
            li.className = 'option-item';
            li.textContent = optionText;
            li.dataset.index = index; // Store index in a data attribute
            // 如果这道题已经回答过，恢复状态
            if (userAnswers[currentQuestionIndex] !== null) {
                if (index === userAnswers[currentQuestionIndex]) {
                    li.classList.add('selected');
                }
            }
            optionsListEl.appendChild(li);
          });

          // 如果已经回答过，直接显示结果
          if (userAnswers[currentQuestionIndex] !== null) {
              const isCorrect = userAnswers[currentQuestionIndex] === currentQuestion.correctAnswerIndex;
              showResult(isCorrect, currentQuestion);
          }
          
          updateNavigationButtons();
          updateProgress();
        }

        function selectOption(optionIndex) {
            userAnswers[currentQuestionIndex] = optionIndex;
            const currentQuestion = quizData[currentQuestionIndex];
            const isCorrect = optionIndex === currentQuestion.correctAnswerIndex;

            // 重新计算分数
            score = userAnswers.reduce((acc, answer, index) => {
                return answer === quizData[index].correctAnswerIndex ? acc + 1 : acc;
            }, 0);

            showResult(isCorrect, currentQuestion);
            updateNavigationButtons();
        }
        
        function updateProgress() {
            const answeredQuestions = userAnswers.filter(answer => answer !== null).length;
            const progressPercentage = (answeredQuestions / quizData.length) * 100;
            progressIndicatorEl.style.width = `${progressPercentage}%`;
        }
        
        function updateNavigationButtons() {
            prevBtn.style.display = 'block';
            nextBtn.style.display = 'block';
            hintBtn.style.display = 'block'; // 显示提示按钮

            prevBtn.disabled = currentQuestionIndex === 0;
            nextBtn.disabled = false; // 最后一题时，下一题按钮不禁用，而是用于显示报告
            nextBtn.textContent = (currentQuestionIndex === quizData.length - 1) ? '查看报告' : '下一题';
            
            // 如果当前问题没有提示，则禁用提示按钮并隐藏提示内容
            if (!quizData[currentQuestionIndex].hint) {
                hintBtn.disabled = true;
                hintContainerEl.style.display = 'none';
                hintContainerEl.textContent = ''; // 清除旧的提示内容
            } else {
                hintBtn.disabled = false;
            }
        }

        function showResult(isCorrect, questionData) {
            resultContainerEl.innerHTML = ''; // 清空之前的结果
            const resultBox = document.createElement('div');
            resultBox.className = `result-box ${isCorrect ? 'correct' : 'incorrect'}`;
            
            let html = `<h3>${isCorrect ? '回答正确！' : '回答错误'}</h3>`;
            if (!isCorrect) {
                html += `<p><strong>正确答案是：</strong> ${questionData.options[questionData.correctAnswerIndex]}</p>`;
            }
            html += `<div class="explanation-text">${questionData.explanation}</div>`;
            html += `<div class="source-text">来源: ${questionData.source}</div>`;
            
            resultBox.innerHTML = html;
            resultContainerEl.appendChild(resultBox);

            // 禁用所有选项的点击事件，并高亮正确/错误答案
            Array.from(optionsListEl.children).forEach((child, index) => {
                child.style.pointerEvents = 'none';
                // 高亮正确答案
                if (index === questionData.correctAnswerIndex) {
                    child.classList.add('correct'); // 需要添加CSS样式
                    child.style.backgroundColor = '#d4edda';
                    child.style.borderColor = '#c3e6cb';
                }
                // 如果选错了，高亮错误选项
                if (!isCorrect && index === userAnswers[currentQuestionIndex]) {
                    child.classList.add('incorrect'); // 需要添加CSS样式
                    child.style.backgroundColor = '#f8d7da';
                    child.style.borderColor = '#f5c6cb';
                }
            });
        }

        function goToNextQuestion() {
            if (currentQuestionIndex < quizData.length - 1) {
                currentQuestionIndex++;
                loadQuestion();
            } else {
                showFinalScore();
            }
        }

        function goToPreviousQuestion() {
            if (currentQuestionIndex > 0) {
                currentQuestionIndex--;
                loadQuestion();
            }
        }
        
        function showHint() {
            const currentQuestion = quizData[currentQuestionIndex];
            if (currentQuestion.hint) {
                hintContainerEl.textContent = currentQuestion.hint;
                hintContainerEl.style.display = 'block';
            } else {
                hintContainerEl.style.display = 'none';
            }
        }

        function showFinalScore() {
            document.querySelector('.quiz-body').style.display = 'none';
            document.getElementById('quiz-footer').style.display = 'none';

            const correctCount = score;
            const totalQuestions = quizData.length;
            const answeredCount = userAnswers.filter(a => a !== null).length;
            const wrongCount = answeredCount - correctCount;
            const skippedCount = totalQuestions - answeredCount;
            const accuracy = totalQuestions > 0 ? Math.round((correctCount / totalQuestions) * 100) : 0;
            const errorRate = totalQuestions > 0 ? Math.round((wrongCount / totalQuestions) * 100) : 0;

            const finalScoreHtml =
                '<div class="final-score-container">' +
                '<h2>答题报告</h2>' +
                '<div class="score-summary">' +
                '<div class="score-card">' +
                '<h3>得分</h3>' +
                '<p>' + correctCount + ' / ' + totalQuestions + '</p>' +
                '</div>' +
                '<div class="score-card">' +
                '<h3>正确率</h3>' +
                '<p>' + accuracy + '%</p>' +
                '</div>' +
                '<div class="score-card">' +
                '<h3>错误率</h3>' +
                '<p>' + errorRate + '%</p>' +
                '</div>' +
                '<div class="score-card score-details">' +
                '<table>' +
                '<tr><td>正确</td><td>' + correctCount + '</td></tr>' +
                '<tr><td>错误</td><td>' + wrongCount + '</td></tr>' +
                '<tr><td>未答</td><td>' + skippedCount + '</td></tr>' +
                '</table>' +
                '</div>' +
                '</div>' +
                '<div class="report-actions">' +
                '<button id="review-btn">回顾测验</button>' +
                '<button class="primary" onclick="location.reload()">再试一次</button>' +
                '</div>' +
                '</div>';

            let reportEl = document.querySelector('.final-score-container');
            if (reportEl) {
                reportEl.remove();
            }
            quizContentEl.insertAdjacentHTML('beforeend', finalScoreHtml);
            document.getElementById('review-btn').addEventListener('click', reviewQuiz);
        }

        function reviewQuiz() {
            const reportEl = document.querySelector('.final-score-container');
            if (reportEl) {
                reportEl.remove();
            }

            document.querySelector('.quiz-body').style.display = 'block';
            document.getElementById('quiz-footer').style.display = 'flex';
            
            currentQuestionIndex = 0;
            loadQuestion();
            updateNavigationButtons(); // Ensure nav buttons are correctly displayed
        }

        // Event Delegation for options
        optionsListEl.addEventListener('click', (event) => {
            if (event.target && event.target.matches('li.option-item')) {
                // Check if the question has already been answered
                if (userAnswers[currentQuestionIndex] === null) {
                    const selectedIndex = parseInt(event.target.dataset.index, 10);
                    selectOption(selectedIndex);
                }
            }
        });

        prevBtn.addEventListener('click', goToPreviousQuestion);
        nextBtn.addEventListener('click', goToNextQuestion);
        hintBtn.addEventListener('click', showHint);
        
        // 初始加载
        loadQuestion();
      </script>
    </body>
    </html>
  